文献类型：期刊文章

作　　者：冷向军[1] 李小勤[1]

机构地区：[1]上海水产大学生命科学与技术学院

出　　处：《水产学报》

基　　金：上海市教育委员会E研究院建设项目(E03009);上海市重点学科建设项目资助(Y1101);上海水产大学校长基金(03-21)

年　　份：2006

卷　　号：30

期　　号：1

起止页码：138-143

语　　种：中文

收录情况：AJ、BDHX、BDHX2004、CAB、CAS、CSA、CSA-PROQEUST、CSCD、CSCD2011_2012、IC、JST、PROQUEST、RCCSE、SCOPUS、WOS、ZGKJHX、ZR、核心刊

摘　　要：This article reviewed the advance in aquatic animal pigmentation, including theory and practice of pigmentation. Color plays a very important role in determining quality and price of cultured fish, shrimp and other aquatic animals. The beautiful color of red, orange, yellow is due to a group of pigments named carotenoids, which could not be obtained from de novo synthesis by these animals, but directly from diets. Astaxanthin and lutein are main pigments existing in aquatic animals, so adding such carotenoids in artificial diets is an important way to improve the color of skin and flesh. On the basis of where astaxanthin is biosynthesized, aquatic animals could be divided into 3 types, red carp type, sea bream type and prawn type. For prawn type, including prawn, crab, lobster and other crustaceans in which astaxanthin is the main carotenoid, color could be improved by feeding [WTBZ]β-carotene, astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, zeaxanthin and lutein, but astaxanthin and canthaxanthin are more effective. For red carp type, including red carp, goldfish, fancy red carp and most freshwater fishes, astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, zeaxanthin and lutein could be fed, but only astaxanthin, canthaxanthin could be fed to the third type including sea bream and salmonids, and the adding level of these pigments is about 50-100 mg·kg -1. There are 2 kinds of pigments could be used in aquatic feeds, carotenoids additives and natural feedstuffs rich in carotenoids, such as green alga, yeast Phaffia rhodozyma, and shrimp waste. Many factors affect the pigmentation of aquatic animals, which includes the species, size and physiological situation of animals, diets composition, source and kinds of pigments. Other factors such as feeding rate, water temperature, and brightness also play some roles in color formation of aquatic animals. So, attention must be paid to satisfy pigmentation for aquatic animals. Compared with Western countries, the research and use of aquatic animals pigmentation in China are late and superficial, but develop rapid

关 键 词：水产动物 着色 类胡萝卜素

分 类 号：S963]